Old border fortresses serve as pretexts and inspirations for new walls and fences and remind us that we live in a world of borders rather than in a borderless world.
The war was crucial on a national level for the Cubans, Americans, and Spanish, as well as on a global level as it changed the relationships and power structures that had previously existed.
Ankara has very little room for manoeuvre to support the Turkish economy, let alone give aid to Spain, given that Turkey has limited financial reserves and a large budget deficit.
The norm theories from International Relations fail to account for the differences in interpretation and implementation of the norms surrounding forced disappearance.
Although successful, the women’s strike in Spain and in Barcelona was a contentious process that opened crucial debates towards a more inclusive society.
The Catalan elections are unlikely to resolve the conflict in Spain. But they should open room for dialogue as there is no other option that could restore legitimacy.
Secessionists consider unilateral actions as a possibility, but the costs of a non-negotiated break-up, without a Spanish recognition, would be high in the EU context.
Will Catalonia become an independent state, despite Madrid’s insistence that the territorial integrity of Spain is nonnegotiable?
Whitfield does a great job introducing a key contemporary conflict. Important themes, however, are buried under her otherwise excellent historical analysis.
While it is true that any member state can veto the accession bid of another state, the EU will want to avoid any possible territorial mess within its borders.
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