Robust peacekeeping, defined as proactive defense of civlians by UN peacekeepers, is undermined by the risk-aversion by troops on the ground.
The International Citizen Service programme failed to challenge unequal power dynamics between the Global North and Global South and perpetuated neo-colonial relations.
The Social Democrats in Sweden portray Muslims as a security threat to the Swedish identity by employing an ethnopluralist discourse.
The Italian mafia influences mixed migration by taking advantage of migrant vulnerability, increasing its influence and creating a domestic and global security threat.
Through shaping the West’s views of the USSR and in turn its response via the intelligence he provided, Gordievsky had a strategic impact on the end of the Cold War.
In past years, Polish government was successful in presenting the EU rule of law proceedings as a threat to the Polish nation but was unable to instigate a rally effect.
Assassinations do not only communicate resolve. They serve other functions, too, such as eliminating perceived threats and increasing diplomatic leverage.
Comparative analysis highlighted how the support of Great Powers with strong alliance-building capacities is a key element to exert statehood in the international arena.
Analysis of Swedish, German and British socialist parties reveals how tradition of social democracy has been evolving due to changing circumstances.
Sanctions are unlikely to produce any policy concessions on the sanction state side, and may even produce unwanted developments, all the while aggravating suffering.
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