An Analysis of the Difficulties Associated with Establishing State Responsibility for Human Rights Violations Occurring as a Result of Climate Change
Despite conclusive and significant scientific evidence to the contrary, there is still some considerable scepticism over the nature, causes and consequences of climate change. However, it is becoming increasingly apparent that extreme weather events such as floods, droughts and cyclones, as well as retreating glaciers and melting sea ice at the North and South poles, are all indicative of a warming world.
Is There Anything ‘New’ in Neoclassical Realism?
The intent of Neoclassical realists is not to create a grand theory for international politics; rather, they aim to explain the foreign policy behaviour of a specific state at any given time.
The Evolving Normative Context and IDPs: An Application of R2P?
The Responsibility to Protect is said to ‘hold the potential to unblock and unlock persistent gaps in the protection of IDPs’. But the political as well as practical obstacles characterizing the international system are too important for IDPs to look at this concept for their protection.
Nuclear Proliferaiton in the Middle East: the Iran-Israel Problem
A nuclear Iran will go one of two ways. It will either have no obvious effect, the weapon won’t be used for fear of repercussion yet conventional wars will continue; a stalemate. Or, the Middle East will face the prospect of a complete breakdown as either Iran is pre-empted, Israel feels cornered by the likely arms race or technology is leaked; the only recourse available will be war.
The challenges of post 9/11 politics to the strict prohibition on the Use of Force found in the UN Charter
The weakening of the prohibition on the use of force since 9/11 has been essentially due to other Articles in the UN Charter which act as loop holes. The USA and its allies have undermined Article 2.4 in the Charter by using Article 51, whereas no punishment (except perhaps the general disapproval of the international society) has been issued.
Did the End of the Cold War or 9/11 Have a Greater Impact on European Security?
The end of the cold war, the terrorist attacks in New York, Washington and later in Moscow, Beslan, Madrid and London, the nuclear threats from Iran and North-Korea, the situation in the Balkans and Near East and the recent wars in Iraq and Afghanistan all have demonstrated the practical implications of conceptual changes in European security.
The Israeli use of Economic Peace as a Peace Building Tool for the Occupied Palestinian Territories
Israel’s pursuit of economic peace is, in reality, a policy of economic pacification. There is a real danger that Economic Peace can be used to frame peace-building away from political diplomacy. Neglecting the political aspects of peace building and favouring economic pacification will only lead to a resurgence of violence in the future.
Developing Countries and “Cross-Retaliation” in the WTO
Developing countries do not systematically use “cross-retaliation” in the WTO, since the economic incentives do not benefit them and preceding cases have shown to be unsuccessful.
How Can People Be Opposed To Globalization?
Fears regarding globalization have a state-centric logic belying a realist methodology. A liberal – cosmopolitan reframing of these objections turns these fears back upon themselves.
Ballistic Missile Defence in the 21st Century
Ultimately for a State, the decision to employ a BDM complex does not stem solely from the desire to improve international stability. It instead comes from a desire to improve its own defensive and/or offensive capabilities. Stability has a severe effect on this, but it is up to the leadership of any such nation state to decide whether the costs that come from a destabilised environment outweigh the potential benefits such a capability could provide, both now and in the future.
