Failed states signal that the Westphalian model lacks empirical support and is a simple political construction that deserves greater theoretical scrutiny.
The disjuncture between kinetic elements of American COIN doctrine and the nation-building mission inherent to ‘new’ conflicts lies at the root of ongoing difficulties.
The strategies employed by the Bush administration after 9/11 to manufacture public consent for action have since been recontextualised towards Iran by Barack Obama.
The Bush administration’s invasion of Iraq was a story of neo-conservative ideas (militarism, morality, and democracy) about the role of America in the world.
While effective at ensuring the survival of organizations that use such methods, there is scant evidence to support the idea that terrorism achieves political objectives.
For the Neocons ideas are everything. Unfortunately, as proven by the insurgency which rose in Iraq, the rest of the world has very different ideas about global society.
In certain communities, gangs may appear to be providers of security, while in others, their violent measures to achieve their goals generate fear for millions.
While the supposed decline of Al-Qaeda has been discussed for many years, Al-Qaeda is not only still relevant, but also still a threat to Europe.
Obama’s foreign policy has neglected the long-term strategic dangers of making political decisions based on seeking short-term public, political, and economic stability.
Hezbollah’s strategy was successful due to its ability to secure a strategic relationship with a patron, arouse popular local support, and use novel methods of fighting.
Before you download your free e-book, please consider donating to support open access publishing.
E-IR is an independent non-profit publisher run by an all volunteer team. Your donations allow us to invest in new open access titles and pay our bandwidth bills to ensure we keep our existing titles free to view. Any amount, in any currency, is appreciated. Many thanks!
Donations are voluntary and not required to download the e-book - your link to download is below.
