What Are The Main Causes of Genocide?
Incidents of genocide are not unique to the modern era; however, ideas of Enlightenment have led to humans’ wish to continually improve their societies.
Security and Human Development in Pakistan
Pakistan’s internal and external power relations and its colonial past have led to skewed policy making which prioritises defence expenditure and neglects human development.
The Constitutive Effects for Conflict and Insecurity of the Post-9/11 Discourse on Terrorism
This essay examines the ways in which the post-9/11 discourse on terrorism has prioritised certain interpretations of terrorism, and argues that these carefully chosen frameworks serve to legitimate certain conceptions of conflict and insecurity, whilst marginalising others.
European Union Democracy Promotion in the Mediterranean Arena
The actions of the EU in promoting democracy in third countries need to be examined in greater detail. The tangible support (financial, logistical or otherwise) the EU gives to pro-democracy social movements can help us assess just how much the EU acts, or is limited in acting, to promote democracy abroad. In short, if the EU gives direct, meaningful support to such social movements, it could be said to have stopped ‘philosophizing’ and begun to act.
The Anomaly of Democracy: Why Securitization Theory Fails to Explain January 6th
Faced with internal security threats, a democratic state cannot always employ extraordinary measures without triggering an existential threat to its democratic identity.
Why ‘Two Supremacies’ Rhymes with ‘Stability’
Although the race for nuclear weapons created a very tense atmosphere during the Cold War, it was also an effective means to maintain stability because both superpowers had the incentive to avoid using their weapons knowing it would lead to their mutual destruction. Such conditions and incentives do not exist in either unipolar or multipolar systems. Bipolarity is therefore stable thanks to the balance of military power that exists between two superpowers.
How relevant is counterinsurgency doctrine to the ‘war on terrorism’?
Counterinsurgency doctrine is arguably much less relevant than other means of conducting the war on terror. The military actions are the most publicised and easy to trace part of the war on terror, however, civilian organisations, internal and domestic politics and legislation can be more relevant and effective than the counterinsurgency doctrine that is being utilised in Iraq and Afghanistan today.
The Importance of Intelligence to International Security
Faced with uncertainty, risk, and insecurity, humans face a ‘knowledge problem’ and search for information that will relieve these feelings and will better handle its weak spots and holes.
The Failure of the Global Gendarmerie: A Theoretical Perspective
The UN, while far from flawless, is of paramount importance and relevance for maintaining national security and the worldwide protection of human rights.
The US invasion of Iraq: failings and consequences
The United States’ decision to launch a preventive attack on Iraq in 2003 resulted in significant international resentment, plummeting approval ratings of the Bush administration and domestic disenchantment which manifested itself with subsequent election results. This was exacerbated by failure to find weapons of mass destruction, the mistreatment of prisoners in the Abu Ghraib prison, and the problematic occupation.
